Grammar Point

ので

that being the case, because of ..., the reason is ..., given that ...


Informal Verb / い-Adjective + ので

ので is a conjunction used to express a reason or cause for a situation. Compared to から, it sounds more objective, polite, and softer, making it suitable for formal situations or when making excuses.

Verb

Verbs in their dictionary form or past tense form can be followed directly by ので.


Since I will go to the library, I will borrow a book.

Because I ate too much, my stomach hurts.

い-Adjective

い-Adjectives in their present or past informal forms can be followed directly by ので.


Since it is cold, I will wear a coat.

Because the movie was interesting, I watched it again.

Note

ので cannot be used with the imperative (command) or prohibitive forms. It is generally used to state a fact-based reason rather than a strong personal opinion or request.

な-Adjective / Noun + な / だった + ので

When using な-Adjectives or Nouns in the present tense, な must be added before ので to connect them.

な-Adjective

For な-Adjectives, use な in the present tense and だった in the past tense before ので.


Since it is quiet, I can study.

Because I was free yesterday, I went shopping.

Noun

For Nouns, use な in the present tense and だった in the past tense before ので.


Since today is Sunday, the shop is closed.

Because it was rain, I stayed at home.

Note

In the present tense, you must use な instead of だ. In the past tense, you use だった.



Radicals of radicals