only, just, merely, simply, no more than, nothing but, alone
Noun +
Used after a noun to express a limit or restriction, meaning 'only' or 'just' that specific item.
Noun
Attaches directly to a noun to indicate that the scope does not go beyond it.
りんご
I only bought apples.
今日は犬
Only the dog is here today.
When
Verb informal / い-Adjective +
Attaches to informal verbs and い-adjectives to indicate that the action or state is the only thing being done or intended, often implying a lack of other actions or qualities.
Verb informal
Attaches to the informal form of a verb.
少し歩いた
I just walked a little.
窓を開ける
I will just open the window.
い-Adjective
Attaches directly to the dictionary form of an い-adjective.
あの料理は辛い
That dish is just spicy.
This formation emphasizes that nothing else beyond the stated action or characteristic applies.
な-Adjective + な +
Used to indicate that a specific quality is the only notable characteristic.
な-Adjective
For な-adjectives, the 'な' must be kept before '
このパソコンは複雑な
This computer is just complicated.