Grammar Point

indicates a question

at sentence end

Verb or い-Adjective +

This formation is used to turn a statement ending in a verb or an い-adjective into a question. The particle is placed at the very end of the sentence. It can be attached to both informal and formal forms.

Verb +

Attaches directly to the informal dictionary form or the formal ます form of a verb to ask a question.


Will you go?

Will you go?

い-Adjective +

Attaches directly to the informal or formal form of an い-adjective to ask a question.


Is it cold?

Is it cold?

Note

In spoken informal Japanese, the question particle is often dropped entirely, and a question is instead indicated simply by a rising intonation at the end of the sentence.

な-Adjective or Noun +

This formation is used to turn a statement ending in a な-adjective or a noun into a question. In formal speech, it attaches to the polite copula です. In informal speech, it attaches directly to the stem of the adjective or the noun.

な-Adjective +

Attaches directly to the stem of a な-adjective in informal speech, or to です in formal speech.


Is it easy?

Is it easy?

Noun +

Attaches directly to a noun in informal speech, or to です in formal speech.


Is it a cat?

Is it a cat?

Note

When asking a question in informal speech with a noun or a な-adjective, you cannot use the informal copula だ before . Saying だ is grammatically incorrect for direct questions. You must drop だ and attach directly to the word. Additionally, using directly after a plain noun or な-adjective can sound blunt or masculine, so it is often omitted entirely in favor of using just a rising intonation.



Radicals of radicals