indicates a question
Verb or い-Adjective +
This formation is used to turn a statement ending in a verb or an い-adjective into a question. The particle
Verb +
Attaches directly to the informal dictionary form or the formal ます form of a verb to ask a question.
行く
Will you go?
行きます
Will you go?
い-Adjective +
Attaches directly to the informal or formal form of an い-adjective to ask a question.
寒い
Is it cold?
寒いです
Is it cold?
In spoken informal Japanese, the question particle
な-Adjective or Noun +
This formation is used to turn a statement ending in a な-adjective or a noun into a question. In formal speech, it attaches to the polite copula です. In informal speech, it attaches directly to the stem of the adjective or the noun.
な-Adjective +
Attaches directly to the stem of a な-adjective in informal speech, or to です in formal speech.
簡単
Is it easy?
簡単です
Is it easy?
Noun +
Attaches directly to a noun in informal speech, or to です in formal speech.
猫
Is it a cat?
猫です
Is it a cat?
When asking a question in informal speech with a noun or a な-adjective, you cannot use the informal copula だ before